The North American B-25 Mitchell

Posted: 10 May 2011 05:41 AM PDT

Reduce new highway, the extension of Farmingdale, Long Island, Republic Airport, skirts in hot, clear blue morning Labor Day in 2006, see, and the end of World War II B-24 Liberator, B-17 Flying Fortress Mitchell bomber and B -25, I was once again clear that the Collings Foundation's Wings of Freedom's annual fleet of rotation, more than any other year, the general aviation sector in the pocket of time early 1940, a center of central processing andheavy bomber operations.

The planes are destined for my mission, the North American B-25 Mitchell 130 669 "Tondelayo" registered and wearing their drab olive green paint, was the third on the ramp of the American Airpower Museum was parked is a historic and symbolic than the two heavier than air, which had preceded it.

As a result of a 1938 Air Corps requirement for a twin-engine, medium-range bomber, the roles of niche could meet its largerQuad engine colleagues had not, and trace his lineage, the B-10, B-12, B-18 and B-23, B-25 even after the U.S. Army Air Corps general officer named Billy Mitchell, was life as a self-funded project implemented by North American Aviation, in the form of infusion NA-40 to 1. The 19 prototypes to be 500 pounds, with a narrow hull with a cockpit green house, a staircase in the middle of the wings and two 1,100-hp R-1830 piston engines, an angular, twin-fin and a tricycleSuspension of individual wheels, was first flown in January 1939, but a lack of power had requested the retrofit of 1,350 hp R-2600. Although the modified version, known as NA-40 to 2, provided a superior performance, collapsed after a test program of two weeks.

His successor, NA-62, which has been modified extensively characterized by a wider fuselage, which in turn increased the installed now lower, steady-root to tip dihedral half span, 1700-PS-R-2600-9 engine ,Square-geometry vertical tails, and with a gross weight of 27,000 pounds. Approved in September 1939, this version with the name of the XB-25 prototype first flew as the 19 August.

First delivered to the Army Air Corps, demonstrates the flaws of the aircraft tracking, and in redesign of the assembly of the outside wings of the aircraft out of the tenth line, which reduces the engine to wing tip dihedral and gave it its characteristic wing doorsProfile.

The B-25 Mitchell, are in production, appeared with an e-fuselage made of aluminum alloy semi-monocoque, four bars, which built a length of 53.6 meters produces. The boom, all-metal, mid-wing, a two-spar, fuselage central portion integral fuel tanks integrated housing and two external, one part of the savings with detachable wing tip, featured aileron flap sealed with fixed and controllable and dual-section hydraulic controltrailing edge flap gap through the engine nacelles divided. Spanning 67.7 feet, she wore an area of 609.8 square meters. Powered by two 1,700 horsepower Wright Cyclone double row, 14 cylinder, air-cooled R-2600 piston engines in a gondola, which crossed the aerodynamic chord and turned three-blade, constant speed, 12.7 m, a place full shade, -Hamilton Standard propeller anti-icing aircraft could reach the ascent to 15,000 feet in 11.3 minutes and a maximum speed of 303 mph at 13,000Feet. Twin boom fin and rudder, with a fixed and controllable trimming, had been modified with rounded tops, and led to a share of 16.5 meters. The tricycle, single-wheel, hydraulic, landing gear retractable stern, the first configuration such that an American bomber used, featured aerodynamic port extends in all three wheel arches in both portraits and extended positions as the most important roles were equipped with hydraulic brakes. The aircraft,21 with a curb weight of 100 pounds had a maximum gross weight of 33,500 pounds.

Several versions were produced. The first of these, the B-25A, included pilot armor and self-sealing fuel tanks, while its successor, the B-25B, submitted two electrically operated Bendix turret, replacing all the midships and tail guns, and submitted two . 50-caliber machine guns. Enter service in 1941 with 17 Bomb Group at McChord Field near Tacoma, Washington, the plane, whoseproduction cycle was 120, which is also a separate station between the camera and pointing up the tail and a shorter, 54.1 meters in length.

Powered by two 1,700 hp Wright R-2600-13 Engines, has led to transport the B-25C, the third version, an autopilot system and external rack with eight 250-pound bombs could, and a subsequent increase in fuel capacity to 1,100 liters. to build by 3909, 1619 in Inglewood, California, were presented in 2290 was assembled in KansasCity, Kansas, with the designation B-25D.

Variants unique B-25E and F were provided as test vehicles from wings and tail anti-ice systems, while the B-25G nose replaced with a reinforced glass, the latter with handguns and machine two.50 a 9.6 – meter long, 900 pounds, weight assembly, M-4 cannon can fire 23-inch, 15-pound shells. Even though his armor was different than the standard B-25C, could torpedo his bomb bay of a space plane. L 'Variant of a crew of four and with a total production of 50.10 meters, enjoyed a production run of 405 units.

The 25H and B, with significantly increased armament, even on four.50 caliber machine guns in the metal, the nose armored vehicles, and four more on the side, arranged in pairs, a new upper turret, is now found in the roof of the compartment and the removal of the navigator ventral turret, increased aft-wing, .50 caliber machine gun positions in life, and a tail gun station with twofurther.50 caliber machine guns. As the most widely armed Design of World War II, he was able to reach 293 km / h speed to 13,000 feet and had a service fee of 23 800-ft.

The B-25J, the final and numerically most popular version was designed for precision bombing. The aircraft, the introduction of a Bombardier to complete the team that rises to six disinvestment, nose glasses, which now had a fixed and a flexible.50 caliber machine guns deployed. The largest single investmentHow Mitchell, 4318 for the B-25s, was April 14, 1943 were found and the aircraft reached 292 km / h speed to 14,500 feet, was able to cruise service ceiling of 25,500 feet.

Between 1941 and 1945, the Army Air Corps B-25s delivered 9,816, 3,218 of them in Inglewood, California, was produced until 1943, and the remaining 6,608 of which were made in Kansas City.

The B-25 Mitchell had several applications for post-war era. Demilitarized and called TB-25, the roadbased on the B-25J, was a coach with the installation of an observation post in the nose, and converted the first under the cockpit, two seats behind the positions of instructor and student pilot standard of two to five seats in the back cabin . is operated by 400 aircraft to date on Air Force in 1950, was the last active-duty personnel transported only 21st May 1960 retired from the Air Force but continued in Brazil, Canada, Chile, operated,Colombia, Cuba, Mexico, Netherlands, Uruguay and Venezuela.

A photo-reconnaissance variant of the F-10, had a camera installed Tri-metrogon nose appear together with other airlines, while other non-military tasks that had been involved in the Council of Transport, load and fire bombers.

The plane of my Labor Day getaway, a B-25J 44-28932 members, had in August 1944 produced by North American Aviation in Kansas City, Kansas. Accepted by the UnitedStates Air Corps on 3 August this year was the United States served in the AAF Flying Training Command program, serving 12 different airports from January 1959, at which time it was declared surplus and had to be removed from SU Air Force inventory. Converted into a fire bomber had fought forest fires for 25 years.

Purchased by the Collings Foundation in 1984 and restored by Tom Reilly Vintage Aircraft, for a period of two years, the B-25J, the first world warBomber II of the collection was transported in the air n indicates the Boston area for a decade, after it had in Chino, California, has been placed on the end of 2001 a second restoration of Carl Scholl of Aero Trader, Inc. Subsequently relocated to Midland, Texas, was painted by AVSource Tondelayo West in its current livery after the 500th BS B-25 that were managed by the 345th Air Apache BG of the 5th Air Force in the Pacific against targets in New Guinea,5. Air Force with the fourth season of the 345th BG attacked shipping in Vunapope have near Rabaul on 18 October 1943. The name was Hedy Lamarr Tondelayo character inspired the 1943 film White Cargo, and gave the crew of Lt. Ralph Wallace. The formation of three aircraft, including B-25 "Snafu" and Captain Lyle Anacker, the "Tondelayo" piloted by Lt. Wallace actually flew, and "Sorry Satchul" piloted by Lt. Paterson, had arguedthree ships, but fighters have attacked revenge "Sorry Satchul," hits the left engine, forcing him to pit and "Tondelayo, damaging the right engine. The arrest and suspension, it was almost torn from their seats at the same Due to strong vibrations.

Flying over Cape Gazelle based duo B-25 to maintain close formation, about 50 Japanese fighters were targeted, "Sorry Satchul" so damaged that it was forced head-to-earth and digging and TondelayoDespite the wounds of the critical position, just 30 feet floating above the water, where he managed to shoot down five enemy planes had more. Limping into the base of Kiriwina had repaired the aircraft and then sewed a new right wing, engine, fan and radio equipment. His team won the Silver Star.

Crouched under the forward fuselage, and climbing a short section of the cockpit on Labor Day in 2006, I took the right of the twoObserver seats removed a foot under and behind the cockpit, while the four other passengers to slide in the back, behind the bomb bay, the ventral, with a stern-looking, three-person bench and set up three individual seats. With his head raised and now the dual panel folded over them an integral part of the form of land, the B-25J had assured to start the engine.

The cockpit for two people, flight control yokes also sports aThrottle Quadrant with two butterfly valves of the engine for the pilot, two-pitch propellers two reactors and fuel mixture is throttled by the co-pilot Angola Angola.

Start the engine, from the law, the number two engine, led by turning the ignition switch and the right pump master, at which point the Wright R-2600 engine running and the interior was full of deep, vibrant , Hamilton Standard propeller noise created. Primer and stabilization with the accelerator800-1000 to create revolutions per minute, the captain applied a full-rich mixture, which are sold in a guttural, 1,200 rpm in neutral. The process was with the left, repeating the engine number 1.

Contact Republic Ground on 121.6 for taxi clearance, and armed with the most recent automatic terminal information service, the bomber dual disc brakes, published in 0845, the thrust generated by the engines, however slight, it goes over the AmericanAir power ramp and away from the trio WWII Bomber. Rolls parallel to the active runway, 32 years, the B-25J shaken regularly in response to braking, turning on the ramp area of differential current, its steering wheel wake bombed two aerodynamically induce floor. Expanded its output edges of the slit edge and advance its reactors, the ability medium bomber, certainly a giant in comparison to the existing landing Piper Warrior movedStart and the runway threshold, began just as the B-17 roll of his own taxi from the ramp.

Moving to the off position and orientation to its nose wheel with the center line, 130 669 aircraft received the permission off the Republic Tower 125.2 slow down its two reactors, to establish control in the first direction. Hard vertical acceleration and roll, exploded the 1,500 horsepower radial double row of delivery of the aircraft with a cabin-to-noise saturation Collings Foundationsmooth, continuous improvement in their throttle settings ZINN METO of 2,600 revolutions per minute and powered by 40 inches. Control of wind-induced surface directional control with subtle variations, began the master application control stick back pressure at 75 knots indicated air speed, which are now separated on the ground, producing a nose wheel lift-generating angle of attack. The speed of air creates a pressure differential, the bathroom huge peaks lying in the wingssteady stream of accelerated air, soil removed all restrictions and allowed them to defy gravity aircraft to which Peel had secured the ground at 115 knots. to rise on the withdrawal of its tricycle gear aircraft, the VMC-determined speed of 145 knots and the provision, although in its initial position, the twin-engine bomber, wrapped in a wind shadow engine, near the right on Route 110 rolled on their way to the south coast Long Island.

Maintaining a position of 150 degrees, thesometimes sweet flying bird reduced its engine speed to 2300 and its manifold pressure at 30, moving the date on the metal erector to appear Captree bridge at 1,000 meters, which stretched across the deep blue surface of the Great South Jones Beach and Bay from the island to its signature lighthouse. The blue water blend perfectly with the sky, in a surreal dimension, considered to be merged in-270 degrees at the plexiglas nose.

The power to weight ratio, combinedits aerodynamic design was the key high-agile, medium-bomber mission. In contrast to his spacious, had high altitude, heavy B-17 and B-24 colleagues, the B-25 are determined in half of the cost for purposes prohibited, provides tactical strikes on enemy targets closer to the front. Because of its maneuverability, was able to fly low-level bombing missions remained high, which was almost hidden, and then had dropped parachute retardedBombs, which allows it to escape the explosion had. Although he had worked extensively in the Pacific, the Japanese air fields from heights Treetop and skip-bombing enemy ships, was used in all theaters of operation, and it was the Australians, British, the Chinese have flown, and the Dutch. It 'was the first bomber was hired to lend to Russia.

The most famous B-25 mission, that the appearance of Lieutenant Colonel James H. Doolittle, and April 18, 1942 outsideled to the introduction of 16 aircraft from the aircraft carrier USS Hornet. Of the four candidates, including the B-18 aircraft, the B-23, B-26 and B-25 is, this was chosen for its performance. The plane was on Northwest Airlines B-25Bs modified construction in Minnesota, to increase their fuel depots 694-1141 gallon, power towers dorsal and ventral of the moment, but the tail was armed. Uploaded on USS Hornet for theTrip to Japan, 16 aircraft, which would have 31,000 pounds gross weight requirements, the selection of 467 meters with a 450-km away, close enough to allow them to targets in Tokyo, Yokohama, Kobe and Nagoya bomb, still have fuel supplies sufficient to maintain the 1,200 miles to China.

The meeting with a Japanese picket boat on the morning of April 18 and the fear of an imminent attack, Doolittle decided to launch B-25 fleet at a distance of 800 miles or 350 miles fromCountry, the first was occurring from 08:18, Clock, which was less than an hour after the boat had been sighted. With a strong headwind and the tendency to swell in the deck of the Sea has created the attackers had only been able to realize the precarious undertaking, with the weight loss last at 09.21 clock

After about four hours of flight, the aircraft was the lead, driven by Doolittle himself, the first bombing of Tokyo, shortly after they were notified by the rest of the 15 ° Although all leave quietlyJapanese air space is not enough fuel, caused by starting earlier and the weather is poor, resulting in the crash or the abandonment of the 15 B-25 in China during the 16th landed in Vladivostok, where his team had been captured.

However, the mission of both a technological and operational success was, and has increased the morale of the troops and has received tremendous recognition for the aircraft.

Banking left, a position of 240 degrees, was made aircraft back Tondelayo 1,306,669Captree Bridge crossing from its gull wing dihedral variable and its three-blade propeller, South Shore of Long Island. The B-17 Flying Fortress are particularly nice on the blue surface of Great South Bay, leaning from the window of the cockpit of the port. WWII sky had somehow risen this morning.

combustion engine to adjust to the load: 180 km / h, with the engine at 1700 rpm, more diverse and the power of the 27-inchPressure was on fire, the plane 120 gallons per hour, while increasing a ten mph cruising speed, with a 1,800 rpm set 28 inches in one liter per hour fuel consumption reached 130 LEDs.

Recontacting Republic Tower, 130 699 aircraft to advise their intention to "inbound for landing" and a reduced power, now in its gravity-induced descent profile. The maintenance of a 180 mph-and a position of 320 degrees, extends its trailing edge flaps, which provided for control of air velocity, they move through the progressiveProduction. Flap settings as dependent Phase: 1 / 4 for takeoff, and 1 / 2 3 / 4 for the descent, and landing full.

The air is clean the stall speed of 95 km / h, which was reduced to 83 km / h in maximum gross weight with full flaps and landing gear to 26,000 feet.

The expansion of its frame drag-production in the shadow of the wind, crept toward the airplane, the 32 threshold, as done altimeter: 600 meters … 500 … 300 … 100 …

Passing over the fence at 115 km / h,olive green, two engines with dual disc medium bombers dropped over the blurred into a complete back-pressure control yoke flare induced concrete, screaming to the ground with the left main gear at 80 km / h, when the friction sufficiently low its speed to allow the remaining two blocks, adjust to the ground.

Delaying the completion of its roll and roll on the ramp American Airpower Museum, the B-25J Mitchell medium bomber as the mission was the first secondBack at the base, the B-17 and B-24, or the exercise of the Heaven. When the Second World War was still going on, the result would be exactly the same.

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วันพุธที่ 11 พฤษภาคม พ.ศ. 2554

The North American B-25 Mitchell

The North American B-25 Mitchell

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